Heat-Resistant Nickel Alloy CMSX-4 / CMSX-4 PLUS / CMSX-4 SLS

General Technical Characteristics

CMSX-4, CMSX-4 PLUS, and CMSX-4 (SLS) are high-temperature nickel-based superalloys primarily designed for manufacturing critical gas turbine components using single-crystal casting technology. These materials combine high-temperature strength, creep resistance, and the ability to withstand prolonged mechanical loading at elevated temperatures.

CMSX-4 belongs to the second generation of single-crystal nickel-based superalloys and contains rhenium. CMSX-4 PLUS features a modified alloying composition designed to improve high-temperature performance. The designation CMSX-4 (SLS) refers to a modification with a very low sulfur content; variants containing lanthanum and yttrium additions offer improved resistance to high-temperature oxidation.

Chemical Composition

Typical CMSX-4 composition, wt.%:

• Nickel (Ni) — balance;
• Chromium (Cr) — approximately 6.5%;
• Cobalt (Co) — approximately 9.0–9.6%;
• Tungsten (W) — approximately 6.0–6.5%;
• Rhenium (Re) — approximately 3.0%;
• Aluminum (Al) — approximately 5.6%;
• Tantalum (Ta) — approximately 6.5%;
• Titanium (Ti) — approximately 1.0%;
• Molybdenum (Mo) — approximately 0.6%;
• Hafnium (Hf) — approximately 0.1%.

CMSX-4 PLUS has a different balance of alloying elements, including higher rhenium and tantalum contents. For CMSX-4 (SLS), sulfur content control and, in the relevant modification, micro-additions of lanthanum and yttrium are important. Therefore, the exact chemical composition should be verified against the specific grade designation, technical documentation, and quality certificate for the relevant batch.

Mechanical and Operating Properties

The main characteristics of these alloys include high strength at elevated temperatures, resistance to long-term deformation under load, stability of the strengthening γ′ phase, and oxidation resistance. The single-crystal structure helps reduce the influence of grain boundaries on high-temperature performance.

Actual mechanical properties depend on the alloy variant, casting process, heat treatment, and operating conditions. Confirmed manufacturer data should be used for engineering calculations.

Applications

CMSX-4, CMSX-4 PLUS, and CMSX-4 (SLS) nickel-based alloys are used in the manufacture of:

• turbine blades for high-temperature gas turbine stages;
• components for aircraft gas turbine engines;
• parts for power-generation gas turbines;
• critical cast components in turbine hot sections;
• components exposed to a combination of high temperatures, centrifugal forces, and prolonged mechanical loads.

The choice of a specific modification depends on the required high-temperature strength, creep resistance, oxidation resistance, and component manufacturing process.

Features of CMSX-4 / CMSX-4 PLUS / CMSX-4 SLS

• Single-crystal structure for high-temperature applications.
• High-temperature strength and creep resistance.
• Alloying with rhenium and other elements to improve operating performance.
• Suitability for critical gas turbine equipment components.
• The specific characteristics of CMSX-4 PLUS and CMSX-4 (SLS) must be considered separately, as these designations refer to different modifications rather than one universal composition.

When selecting the material, it is recommended to verify the exact grade designation, single-crystal structure requirements, chemical composition, and operating conditions.

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